The principle of operation of a water meter

Mechanical water meter (tachometric)

The principle of operation of a mechanical water meter is based on the use of the energy of the passing water flow to rotate the impeller. The rotation of the working wheel is transmitted to the mechanical counting device.

To connect a mechanical flow meter to automation schemes using data on water flow, a reed switch pulse transmitter may be provided in the design. The pulse output of the mechanical water meter can be used to connect to a computer for accumulating and archiving water consumption data.

Ultrasonic water meter

The principle of operation of an ultrasonic water meter is based on measuring the difference in time of ultrasound passing in the direction corresponding to the direction of water flow and in the direction opposite to it. The generation and reception of ultrasonic vibrations is carried out by piezoelectric sensors that work alternately in source/receiver mode. Water flow through an ultrasonic flow meter at different speeds affects the time of passage of ultrasonic vibrations in both directions. Data on the time of passage of ultrasound is transmitted to the water meter computer, where the flow rate and water consumption are calculated using known dependencies. Data on flow rate is stored in the energy-independent memory of the computer and stored in its archive.

Electromagnetic water meter

The principle of operation of an electromagnetic water meter is based on Faraday's law, according to which an electromotive force (EMF) proportional to the speed of conductor movement is induced in a conductor that crosses magnetic field lines, and the direction of the current generated in the conductor is perpendicular to the direction of conductor movement and the direction of the magnetic field.

The conductor in an electromagnetic water meter is the water itself, which flows between the magnet poles, inducing an EMF. The EMF is measured and converted in the computer of the meter to determine the speed of water movement and flow rate. Data on flow rate is stored in the archive of the water meter computer.

Resonance water meter (supersonic)

The principle of operation of a resonance water meter is based on measuring the frequency of flipping of the jet generated inside the flow meter section.

The flow meter section is divided into three channels, the main and two lateral ones. All three channels are connected to each other at two points - at the entrance to the flow meter section and at the exit from it, they are conditionally parallel to each other.

A flow former directing the jet alternately into the auxiliary channels is installed in the main channel, and the direction of water flow in the auxiliary channels is opposite to the direction of flow in the main channel.

Water partially enters the first auxiliary channel before the main flow exits the flow meter and exits it before entering the flow meter, and the jet from the first auxiliary channel at the point of mixing with the main flow is so strong that it deflects the vector of its movement from the axis of the pipeline, directing the flow to the second auxiliary channel.

The jet, entering the second auxiliary channel, passes through it to the point of water entry into the flow meter and merges with the flow, deflecting it into the first channel.

The frequency of change of the water inlet channel is proportional to the flow rate through the meter. The frequency of flipping is measured by the piezoelectric method and transmitted to the flow meter computer, which determines the flow rate and stores the data in the archive.

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