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The principle of operation of a check valve is based on the closure of the flow area by a valve under the influence of a backflow of the working fluid.

When there is no flow, the pressure of the working fluid in the inlet port equals the pressure in the outlet port of the valve, and the valve closes the flow area under the influence of the force of gravity, spring force, or lever-weight mechanism.

The force vector holding the valve in the closed position is directed in the opposite direction to the direction of movement of the working fluid.

During forward flow, with an increase in pressure in the inlet port, the force vector of the flow is directed against the vector of the force holding the plug in the closed position, and as soon as the pressure of the working fluid exceeds the opening pressure, the plug shifts, opening the flow area of the check valve.

During reverse flow, with an increase in pressure in the outlet port, the force vector of the working fluid is aligned with the vector of the force holding the valve in the closed position, and the higher the pressure of the fluid, the stronger the valve is pressed against the body of the check valve.

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